Symplectomorphism group relations and degenerations of Landau-Ginzburg models (Q344460)

The authors say that when considering symplectic manifolds in the context of toric or tropical geometry, structures which produce meaningful relations in the symplectomorphism group arise. This paper aims to introduce a systematic approach for studying such generators and relations in an appropriate symplectomorpism group, valid in all dimensions. For this purpose, a subgroup \(\mathbf{G}\) of \(\mathrm{Symp}(\mathcal{Y},\partial\mathcal{Y})\), where \(\mathcal{Y}\) is a generic hypersurface in a toric symplectic manifold \(\mathcal{X}\), and \(\partial\mathcal{Y}\) is the intersection with toric boundary, is introduced. To pick up \(\mathbf{G}\), a stack \(\mathcal{V}\), whose points correspond to smooth hypersurfaces (e.g., \(\mathcal{Y}\)) moving in a fixed linear toric boundary of \(\mathcal{X}\). The moduli space \(\mathcal{V}\) is constructed following the techniques of \textit{V. Alexeev} [Ann. Math. (2) 155, No. 3, 611--708 (2002; Zbl 1052.14017)], explained in Appendix A, together with its properties. Then by using symplectic parallel transport \[ \mathbf{P}:\Omega_\ast(\mathcal{V})\to \mathrm{Symp}(\mathcal{Y},\partial\mathcal{Y}), \] \(\mathbf{G}\) is taken as \(\pi_0(\mathrm{Im}(\mathbf{P}))\). Details are described in Appendix A, adopting combinatorial methods of \textit{I. M. Gelfand} et al. [Discriminants, resultants, and multidimensional determinants. Reprint of the 1994 edition. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser (2008; Zbl 1138.14001)]. Let \(Q\) be an integral polytope and \(A\) a subset of lattice points such that its convex hull is \(Q\). Then a toric stack \(\mathcal{X}_{\Sigma(A)}\) is constructed and the relations of generators of \(\mathbf{G}\) arise through the study of the one-dimensional strata (``circuits'', cf. [Gelfand et al., loc. cit.]). These are explained in \S2 and Appendix A. The generators of \(\mathbf{G}\) are divided in two classes; hypersurface degenerating monodromy and stratified Morse function monodromy (together with their properties, this is explained in Appendix B). Then the following is shown. Theorem 1.1. If \(A\) is a circuit affinely spanning \(\mathbb{Z}^\ell\), \(X_A\) the associated toric stack, and \(\mathcal{Y}\subset X_A\) a generic hypersurface in the linear system given by \(A\), then there are symplectomorphisms \(T_0,T_1,T_\infty\in \mathrm{Symp}(\mathcal{Y},\partial\mathcal{Y})\) with \(T_0\) and \(T_\infty\) hypersurface degeneration monodromy and \(T_1\) the monodromy about a stratified Morse singularity, such that \[ T_0T_1T_\infty=\tau(\mathbf{t}). \] Here, \(\tau(\mathbf{t})\) is a rotation about the boundary \(\partial\mathcal{Y}\). Theorem 1.1 is proved in \S2.1 in a more general form, namely Theorem 2.14. whose technical details of proof are given in Appendix A. After giving examples of Th. 1.14, the regeneration process of circuits, which allows us to import relations obtained from the one-dimensional boundary strata of \(\mathcal{X}_{\Sigma(A)}\) into the interior and thus to study the topology of general hypersurfaces in toric varieties, is explained in \S2.3. In \S3, the last section, as a supplementary goal of this work, these ideas are studied in the context of homological mirror symmetry and more specifically, to give applications to the study of Landau-Ginzburg (LG) models and their A-model Fukaya-Seidel categories. Here, the LG-model associated to an \(A^\prime\) sharpened pencil \(W\) is the induce map \(\mathbf{w}:\mathcal{X}_Q- D_W\to\mathbb{C}\), where \(D_W\) is the fiber over infinity of the pencil (Definition 3.1. The definition of \(A^\prime\)-sharpened pencil is also given here). \(\mathbf{w}\) is specified as a superpotential on \((\mathbb{C}^\ast)^d\) via a simplectic structure on the original manifold [\textit{A. B. Givental}, in: Proceedings of the international congress of mathematicians, ICM '94. Vol. I. Basel: Birkhäuser. 472--480 (1995; Zbl 0863.14021)]. The coarse moduli space of LG models has a compactification as a toric variety whose moment polytope is the monopole pathpolytope of \(\Sigma(A)\) [\textit{M. M. Kapranov} et al., Math. Ann. 290, No. 4, 643--655 (1991; Zbl 0762.14023); \textit{L. J. Billera} and \textit{B. Sturmfels}, Ann. Math. (2) 135, No. 3, 527--549 (1992; Zbl 0762.52003); Mathematika 41, No. 2, 348--363 (1994; Zbl 0819.52010)]. The authors claim ``one main application of our work is to use any such sequence to describe an associated semiorthogonal decomposition of the Fukaya-Seidel category of the LG model''. The goal of \S3 is to prove the following result. Theorem 3.18. Given a set \(A\) of lattice points, the regular MMP sequences which begin with a toric stack in \[ \{\mathcal{X}_\Sigma: \Sigma(1)\cup \{0\}=A; \mathcal{X}_\Sigma \text{ is nef Fano}\} \] are in bijective correspondence with the mirror sequences in maximal decompositions of \(\{a_0\}\)-shapened pencils on \(\mathcal{X}_Q\). Both are in bijective correspondence with the vertices of the monotone path polytope \(\Sigma_{\rho_{a_0}}(\Sigma(A))\). Here, an MNP sequence beginning with a toric stack \(\mathcal{X}=\mathcal{X}_r\) means a sequence of equivariant birational maps \[ \mathcal{X}_r \mathop{\dashrightarrow}\limits^{f_r} \mathcal{X}_{r-1} \dashrightarrow {\cdots} \mathop{\dashrightarrow}\limits^{f_1} \mathcal{X}_0. \] The authors say that this theorem suggests that maximal degeneration of LG model might be related to the minimal model program. In this perspective, the authors conjecture together with works of \textit{Y. Kawamata} [Mich. Math. J. 54, No. 3, 517--535 (2006; Zbl 1159.14026)] the existence of a refined correspondence leading to a variety of equivalence associated to different degenerations of the LG mirrors (Conjecture 3.22). Besides these three sections, this paper contains two long appendices; Appendix A: Toric preliminaries, Appendix B: \(\partial\)-framed symplectomorphism. They make this paper self-contained.