Positivity of linear transformations of mean-starshaped sequences (Q346408)

Mean-starshaped sequence: If \(x\in S_M\), then \[ S(M(x_n))={M(x_n)-M(x_0)\over n}-{M(x_{n-1})-M(x_0)\over n-1}\geq0, \quad\text{for} \quad n\geq2, \] where \[ M(x_n)={x_0+x_1+\dots+x_n\over n+1}. \] Firstly, the authors give necessary and sufficient conditions for a linear transformation \(P:S_M\to\mathbb{R}\) to be positive. Secondly, using the first theorem, they prove necessary and sufficient conditions for a lower triangular matrix \(A\) to map a mean-starshaped sequence into a mean-starshaped sequence. Thirdly, using Corollary 2.2, they study some special cases of linear transformations. Then, they give some examples for their results. Finally, their last result deals with the convergence of a sequence of mean-starshaped sequences to any given mean-starshaped sequence and the positivity of linear operators on the set of mean-starshaped sequences.