Endpoint boundedness of Riesz transforms on Hardy spaces associated with operators (Q365111)

Suppose that \(L_1\) is a nonnegative self-adjoint operator defined in \(L^2 (\mathbb{R}^n)\) and the semigroup \(\{e^{-tL_1}\}_{t>0}\) generated by \(L_1\) is analytic on \(L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)\) satisfying the Davies-Gaffney estimates, that is, there exist positive constants \(C_1\) and \(C_2\) such that for all closed sets \(E, F \subset \mathbb{R}^n\), \(t\in (0, \infty)\) and \(f\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)\) supported in \(E\), \[ \|e^{-tL_1}f\|_{L^2(F)}\leq C_1 \exp\left\{-\frac{\left[\inf_{x\in E, y\in F}|x-y|\right]^2}{C_2 t}\right\}\|f\|_{L^2(E)}. \] Suppose that \(D\) is a linear operator defined densely in \(L^2 (\mathbb{R}^n)\) satisfying the following assumptions: (\(B_1\)) \(DL_1^{-1/2}\) is bounded on \(L^2 (\mathbb{R}^n)\); (\(B_2\)) \(\{\sqrt{t}De^{-tL_1}\}_{t>0}\) satisfies the Davies-Gaffney estimates; (\(B_3\)) for all \((p,2,M)_{L_1}\)-atoms \(a\) associated to \(L_1\) (cf.\ [\textit{S. Hofmann} et al., Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 1007 (2011; Zbl 1232.42018)]), \(\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}DL_1^{-1/2} a(x)\, dx=0\). Let \(H_{L_1}^p(\mathbb{R}^n)\) be the Hardy space associated to \(L_1\) (cf.\ [\textit{R.-J. Jiang} and \textit{D.-C. Yang}, Integral Equations Oper. Theory 67, No. 1, 123--149 (2010; Zbl 1193.42093)]). In the present paper, the authors show that the operator \(D(L_1^{-1/2})\) is bounded from \(H_{L_1}^p(\mathbb{R}^n)\) to the classical weak Hardy space \(WH^p (\mathbb{R}^n )\) when \(p=n/(n+1)\). They also prove that the Riesz transform \(\nabla(L_2^{-1/2})\) is bounded from \(H_{L_2}^p(\mathbb{R}^n)\) to \(WH^p (\mathbb{R}^n )\) for \(p=n/(n+1)\), where \(L_2\) is a second order divergence form elliptic operator with complex bounded measurable coefficients and \(H_{L_2}^p(\mathbb{R}^n)\) is the Hardy space associated to \(L_2\).