No-where averagely differentiable functions: Baire category and the Takagi function (Q372813)

The authors introduce the concept of higher order average differentiability based on iterated Césaro averages and prove that the function \(h\mapsto \frac{f(x+h) - f(x)}{h}\), where \(f:[0,1]\to \mathbb{R}\) is a typical (in the sense of Baire) continuous function, is nowhere averagely differentiable. As an example the Takagi function is considered and shown to be nowhere averagely differentiable.