Classification of singular \(\mathbb Q\)-homology planes. I: Structure and singularities (Q375835)

A normal complex algebraic surface \(S\) is called a \(\mathbb{Q}\)-homology plane if \(H_i(S;Q)= 0\) for \(i>0\). Several mathematicians have studied these surfaces assuming that the singular points of \(S\) are all quotient singular points. In this paper, the author assumes that \(S\) has a non-quotient singular point and the logarithmic Kodaira dimension of the smooth local of \(S\) is at most 1. The following useful results are proved. (i) \(S\) is affine and birationally ruled. (ii) There are exactly two such surfaces (up to isomorphism) which do not admit any \(\mathbb{C}\)-fibration. These surfaces are quotients of an affine cone over a smooth curve by an action of a finite group acting fixed point freely outside the vertex of the cone. The logarithmic Kodaira dimensions of a resolution of singularity of \(S\) and its smooth locus are also calculated. The proof uses theory of non-complete algebraic surfaces developed by Japanese mathematicians, in particular T. Fujita's results.