No label defined (Q3971973)

[For the entire collection see Zbl 0694.00032.] This paper presents a probability model for the Shapley-Shubik and Banzhaf power indices in voting theory. Let \(P_ i\), \(i=1,\dots,n\), be the probability that voter \(i\) will vote for a bill. The author considers two alternative assumptions: An independence assumption that asserts that each \(P_ i\) is chosen independently from the uniform distribution on (0,1), and a homogeneity assumption that asserts that \(P_ i=P\) from the uniform distribution (0,1) for all \(i\). The author proves that the probability that a given voter will be the difference between passage and failure of the bill is given by the Banzhaf index under the independence assumption, and by the Shapley- Shubik index under the homogeneity assumption.