The group of automorphisms of the algebra of polynomial integro-differential operators. (Q411762)

The paper under review continues the series of papers by the author [started in J. Pure Appl. Algebra 210, No. 1, 147-159 (2007; Zbl 1128.13017)] and is motivated by his study of the group of polynomial automorphisms and the Jacobian conjecture. The Jacobian algebra \(\mathbb A_n\) is an extension of the \(n\)-th Weyl algebra \(A_n\). It is generated by the polynomial algebra \(P_n=K[x_1,\dots,x_n]\) over a field \(K\) of characteristic 0, the partial derivatives \(\partial_i=\partial/\partial x_i\), and the inverses \(H_i^{-1}\) of the linear operators \(H_i=\partial_ix_i\) of the vector space \(P_n\). The algebra \(\mathbb A_n\) contains the subalgebra \(\mathbb I_n\) of polynomial integro-differential operators generated by \(P_n\), \(\partial_i\) and the integrations \(\int_i\colon P_n\to P_n\), \(p\mapsto\int pdx_i\). The main purpose of the paper under review is to study the group of automorphisms \(G_n\) of the \(K\)-algebra \(\mathbb I_n\). The algebra \(\mathbb A_n=S^{-1}\mathbb I_n\) is a localization of \(\mathbb I_n\) where \(S\simeq\mathbb N^{(\mathbb N)}\) is a countably generated commutative monoid consisting of regular elements of \(\mathbb I_n\), [\textit{V. V. Bavula}, J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 83, No. 2, 517-543 (2011; Zbl 1225.16010)]. As a rule, the automorphism group of an algebra is larger than the automorphism group of its localization. But in the present case just the opposite holds. Every automorphism of \(\mathbb I_n\) can be extended to an automorphism of \(\mathbb A_n\) and \(G_n\) is a subgroup of the automorphism group \(\mathbb G_n\) of \(\mathbb A_n\). The latter fact is a key moment of the considerations of the author because the group \(\mathbb G_n\) is already known, [\textit{V. V. Bavula}, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 216, No. 3, 535-564 (2012; Zbl 1250.16028)]. The main result is that \[ G_n=S_n\ltimes\mathbb T^n\ltimes\text{Inn}(\mathbb I_n)\supseteq S_n\ltimes\mathbb T^n\ltimes\underbrace{\text{GL}_\infty(K)\ltimes\cdots\ltimes\text{GL}_\infty(K)}_{2^{n-1}\text{ times}}, \] where \(S_n\) is the symmetric group, \(\mathbb T^n\) is the \(n\)-dimensional algebraic torus, and \(\text{Inn}(\mathbb I_n)\) is the group of inner automorphisms (which is huge). In particular, \(G_1=\mathbb T^1\ltimes\text{GL}_\infty(K)\). It has turned out that the group \(G_n\) is rigid, in the sense that its elements are determined by the images of one of the groups of generators \(x_i\), \(\partial_i\), and \(\int_i\). The stabilizers in \(G_n\) of all the ideals of \(\mathbb I_n\) are found, and they are subgroups of finite index in \(G_n\). It is shown that the group \(G_n\) has trivial centre, and trivial subalgebras of invariants \(\mathbb I_n^{G_n}=\mathbb I_n^{\text{Inn}(\mathbb I_n)}=K\). The (unique) maximal ideal of \(\mathbb I_n\) is the only nonzero prime \(G_n\)-invariant ideal of \(\mathbb I_n\), and there are precisely \(n+2\) \(G_n\)-invariant ideals of \(\mathbb I_n\). For each automorphism \(\sigma\in G_n\), an explicit inversion formula is given via the elements \(\sigma(\partial_i)\) and \(\sigma(\int_i)\).