An application of global Weyl modules of \(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1}[t]\) to invariant theory (Q420692)

Given a positive integer \(k\), let \(A_k\) be the algebra of polynomials in \(k\) variables, \(S_k\) the symmetric group on \(k\) letters, and \(A_k^{S_k}\) the algebra of invariants. Fix a partition \(\xi\). In the paper under review the authors define an \(A_k^{S_k}\)-submodule \(M_{k,\xi}\) of \(A_k\) generated by certain elements, and the main theorem says that \(M_{k,\xi}\) is graded free, the number of elements in the basis of degree \(s\) is equal to the coefficient of \(q^s\) in the Kostka polynomial \(\kappa_{1^k,\xi^{\mathrm{tr}}}\), and \(M_{k,\xi}\) can be identified with the multiplicity space in \(A_k\) with respect to the irreducible representation of \(S_k\) corresponding to \(\xi\). The invariant subspace \(\big(V(\varpi_1)^{\otimes k} \otimes A_k\big)^{S_k}\) has a module structure over the current algebra \(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1}[t]\) which is called a global Weyl module, where \(V(\varpi_1)\) denotes the natural representation of \(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1}\). For the proof of the main theorem the authors use this fact and some results on global Weyl modules.