Some remarks on the two-variable Main Conjecture of Iwasawa theory for elliptic curves without complex multiplication (Q420728)

Let \(E\) be an elliptic curve defined over \(\mathbb{Q}\) with conductor \(N\), hence modular with an associated cuspidal newform \(f\in S_2(\Gamma_0(N))\). Let \(k\) be a quadratic imaginary number field, \(k_{\mathrm{cyc}}\) (resp. \(k_{\mathrm{acyc}}\)) its cyclotomic (resp. anticyclotomic) \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-extension (\(p\) a prime) and \(k_\infty=k_{\mathrm{cyc}}k_{\mathrm{acyc}}\) the \(\mathbb{Z}_p^2\)-extension which contains all the \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-extensions of \(k\). Let \(G:=\mathrm{Gal}(k_\infty/k)\) and let \(\Lambda(G)\simeq \mathbb{Z}_p[[T_1,T_2]]\) be the associated Iwasawa algebra. The paper deals with the (two variable) Main Conjecture of Iwasawa theory for this setting providing the main ingredients (a \(p\)-adic \(L\)-function \(L_p(E/k_\infty)\in \Lambda(G)\) and the characteristic ideal \(\mathrm{Ch}_{\Lambda(G)}(X(E/k_\infty))\subset \Lambda(G)\) of the Pontryagin dual of the Selmer group of \(E\) over \(k_\infty\)) and a criterion to verify the conjecture (i.e., \((L_p(E/k_\infty))=\mathrm{Ch}_{\Lambda(G)}(X(E/k_\infty))\,\)) in certain cases. \noindent The analogous conjecture for curves having CM by \(k\) has been proved by \textit{K. Rubin} (see [Invent. Math. 93, No. 3, 701--713 (1988; Zbl 0673.12004); ibid. 103, No. 1, 25--68 (1991; Zbl 0737.11030)]), so the paper focuses on curves without CM. The construction of the \(p\)-adic \(L\)-function \(L_p(E/k_\infty)\) is carried out in section 2: following closely the ideas and techniques of \textit{H. Hida} [Invent. Math. 79, 159--195 (1985; Zbl 0573.10020)] and \textit{B. Perrin-Riou} [J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 38, No. 1, 1--32 (1988; Zbl 0656.10019)], the author provides the interpolation formula for the special values of the (twisted) Hasse-Weil \(L\)-function \(L(E/k,s)\) and a functional equation for \(L_p(E/k_\infty)\). The structure of \(\mathrm{Sel}(E/k_\infty)_{p^\infty}\) (more precisely: of its Pontryagin dual \(X(E/k_{\infty})\,\)) as a \(\Lambda(G)\)-module is studied section 3 assuming that all primes of \(k\) lying over \(p\) are of good ordinary reduction for \(E\). Building on work of \textit{K. Kato} [in: Cohomologies \(p\)-adiques et applications arithmétiques. III. Paris: Société Mathématique de France. 117--290 (2004; Zbl 1142.11336)] and \textit{D. Rohrlich} [Invent. Math. 75, 409--423 (1984; Zbl 0565.14006)] for the cyclotomic extension \(k_{\mathrm{cyc}}/k\), the author shows that \(X(E/k_{\infty})\) is a finitely generated torsion \(\Lambda(G)\)-module (hence it defines a nonzero principal characteristic ideal) and provides (under some hypotheses) formulas for its invariants, for the \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-corank of the Tate-Shafarevich group of \(E\) over \(k_\infty\) and for the Euler characteristic of \(\mathrm{Sel}(E/k_\infty)_{p^\infty}\). The final section provides a condition for the inclusion of ideals \((L_p(E/k_\infty))\subseteq \mathrm{Ch}_{\Lambda(G)}(X(E/k_\infty))\) (the first divisibility relation for the Main Conjecture which predicts the equality of the two ideals) in terms of similar inclusions for the analogous one variable objects associated to the anticyclotomic \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-extensions of all the finite subextensions of \(k_{\mathrm{cyc}}/k\).