Resonant dynamics for the quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (Q432273)

The authors consider the quintic nonlinear Schrodinger equation on the unit circle. Because the nonlinearity is assumed to be small, both focusing and defocusing cases are included. They prove that there exist solutions that start with the initial datum built on four resonant Fourier modes. The four modes undertake a nontrivial dynamics that involves periodic energy exchanges on a time scale inverse propotional to a power of the nonlinearity coefficient. This reduced dynamics is studied on the phase plane. The justification of the result is obtained by calculating a resonant normal form up to order 10 and then by isolating an effective term of order 6. The nonlinear dynamics of the truncated normal form corresponds to dynamics near a stable orbit around an elliptic equilibrium point. Therefore, by the choice of action-angle variables and Gronwall's inequality, one can perform the persistence analysis for the complete system.