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scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1990643
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scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1990643 |
Statements
13 October 2003
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annulus
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separating continuum
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0.8735814
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0.86417043
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0.8543383
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0.8535973
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0.85325223
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0.8453693
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0.83627313
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The following question was asked by W. Kuperberg: Let \(A\) be an annulus, \(\{(r,\theta): 1\leq r\leq 3, 0\leq\theta<2\pi\}\), and let \(h\) be an orientation reversing homeomorphism \(A\to A\) which does not interchange the boundary components \(\{r=1\}\) and \(\{r=3\}\) of \(A\). Do there always exist two disjoint subcontinua \(F_1\) and \(F_2\), each invariant under \(h\), such that \(F_1\cup F_2\) separates the annulus? The author shows that the answer is no. He constructs an example of a homeomorphism \(F:A\to A\) such that (i) if \(r=1\) or \(r=3\), then \(F(r,\theta)=(r,-\theta)\), (ii) if \(1<r<3\), then the set of forward limit points of the orbit \(F^n(r,\theta)\) is the circle \(\{r=1\}\) and the set of backward limit points of the orbit \(F^n(r,\theta)\) is the circle \(\{r=3\}\). Moreover, the author constructs another example with the same property (i) and a modified property (ii): \(F^{2n}(r,\theta)\to(1,0)\) and \(F^{-2n}(r,\theta)\to(3,0)\) as \(n\to\infty\).
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