Relative asymptotics for orthogonal matrix polynomials (Q445808)

The authors use their vector interpretation of matrix orthogonality [Acta Appl. Math. 112, No. 3, 357--383 (2010; Zbl 1219.33007)] to study sequences of matrix polynomials \(\{V_m\}\) satisfying the recurrence relation \[ zV_m(z)=A_mV_{m+1}(z)+B_mV_m(z)+C_mV_{m-1}(z),\quad m\geq 0, \] where \(A_m\) is a non-singular lower-triangular matrix and \(C_m\) is a non-singular upper-triangular matrix. They introduce the generalized matrix Nevai class \(M(A,B,C)\) as the set of \(\{V_m\}\) with \(\lim_{m\to\infty}A_m=A\), \(\lim_{m\to\infty}B_m=B,\) \(\lim_{m\to\infty}C_m=C\). Under certain assumptions, they prove \(\lim_{m\to\infty}V_{m-1}(z)V_m^{-1}(z)A_{m-1}^{-1}=\mathcal{F}_{A,B,C}(z)\); here, \(\mathcal{F}_{A,B,C}(z)\) is the generalized Markov function given by \[ \mathcal{F}_{A,B,C}(z)=\frac{1}{zI_{N\times N}-B-A\frac{1}{zI_{N\times N}-B-A\frac{1}{zI_{N\times N}-B-\dots}C}C}, \] where \(V_0(z)=I_{N\times N}\). Furthermore, the authors consider Sobolev-type orthogonality which is related to the vector interpretation as follows. Let vector polynomials \(\mathcal{B}_m(x)\) be defined by \(\mathcal{B}_m(x)=V_m(h(x))\mathcal{P}_0(x)\), where \(\mathcal{P}_0(x)=[1\, x\, \dots\, x^{N-1}]^T\), \(h(x)\) is a fixed polynomial with deg \(h=N\). They are left-orthogonal with respect to a vector of functionals \(\mathcal{U}=[u^1\, \ldots\, u^N]^T\), i.e., \[ \mathcal{U}((h(x))^k\mathcal{B}_m)=\Delta_m\delta_{k,m},\quad k=0,\dotsc,m-1,\quad m\in\mathbb{N}, \] where \(\delta_{k,m}\) is the Kronecker delta symbol and \(\Delta_m\) is a non-singular upper-triangular matrix. If \(h(x)=\prod_{j=1}^M(x-c_j)^{M_j+1}\), then the vector of linear functionals modified by a Dirac delta functional associated with \(h\) is defined by \(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}=\mathcal{U}+\Lambda\pmb{\delta}\), \(\Lambda\) is a numerical matrix of dimension \(N\times N\) \[ \pmb{\delta}=\left[\delta_{c_1}\ldots\delta_{c_1}^{(M_1)}\ldots\delta_{c_M}^{M_M}\right]^T,\quad N=M+\sum_{j=1}^{M}M_j. \] Connections between quasidefiniteness of \(\mathcal{U}\) and \(\tilde{\mathcal{U}},\) the related generalized Markov functions, the three-term recurrence relations and the relative asymptotics between \(M(A,B,C)\) and its delta-modifications are studied.