THE MEAN SQUARE OF THE LOGARITHM OF THE ZETA-FUNCTION (Q4493383)

For \(\sigma>1/2\) and \(-\infty<T<+\infty\), let \[ \int_0^T |\log\zeta(\sigma+it)|^2 dt=T\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}{1\over k^2}\sum_p {1\over kp^{2k\sigma}}+R(T,\sigma), \] where \(p\) denotes a prime number. In the paper the authors investigate the function \(R(T, \sigma)\). It is shown that this function is uniformly bounded for \(\sigma\geq 1\) and almost periodic in the sense of Bohr for fixed \(\sigma\geq 1\); hence \(R(T, \sigma)=\Omega(1)\) when \(T\to\infty\). In case \(1/2<\sigma<1\) is fixed they obtain the bound \(R(T,\sigma)\ll_{\varepsilon}T^{(9-2\sigma)/8 +\varepsilon}\) and, on the Riemann hypothesis, \[ R(T,\sigma)\ll_{\varepsilon}T^{(4-4\sigma)/(3-2\sigma) +\varepsilon}. \]