DG-resolutions of NC-smooth thickenings and NC-Fourier-Mukai transforms (Q464138)

The main goal of the article under review is to provide a new technique of constructing NC-smooth thickenings à la Kapranov [\textit{M.\ Kapranov}, J.\ Reine Angew.\ Math., 505, 73--118 (1998, Zbl 0918.14001)]. This notion provides a formal noncommutative thickening of a commutative object sitting inside a hypothetical noncommutative space. The new construction takes as input an algebraic torsion-free connection \(\nabla\) on a smooth scheme \(X\), and outputs an algebraic NC-connection \(D\) turning the sheaf \(\mathcal{A}_X\) formed by the tensor product of the algebraic de Rham complex and the completed tensor algebra generated by 1-forms into a sheaf of dg algebras. The cohomology of \(\mathcal{A}_X\) is concentrated in degree zero, and provides a NC-smooth thickening of \(X\). This idea is based on work of Fedosov on deformation quantization. It is also shown that every NC-smooth thickening can be obtained via a twisted form of this construction. This is a novel way of constructing NC-smooth thickenings, the existing ones being either a step-by-step process or proving representability by hand. This new approach based on connections allows one to recover existing results on the existence of NC-smooth thickenings such as for affine varieties. In the case of an abelian variety \(A\) there is a canonical torsion-free connection, allowing one to consider the standard NC-thickening of \(A\). The approach using sheaves of dg algebras also allows one to consider the lifting problem for quasicoherent sheaves with connections to NC-smooth thickenings. Moreover one gets an exact functor from the category of D-modules to the category of modules on an NC-smooth thickening. The second part of the paper uses the description of the noncommutative structure sheaf as the zero cohomology of a sheaf of dg algebras to apply the classical GAGA machinery to each component, obtaining an analytic version of \(\mathcal{A}_X\). The authors then prove GAGA-type results comparing categories of sheaves for the algebraic and analytic versions of NC-smooth thickenings. The main application of the paper is a noncommutative thickening of the Fourier--Mukai transform from the derived category of a curve \(C\) to the derived category of its Jacobian \(J\) given by the Poincaré bundle \(\mathcal{P}\) on \(C\times J\). Using the first part of the paper one always has the standard thickening of the abelian variety \(J\), which turns out to be isomorphic to a modular thickening of the Jacobian. There is also an analytic construction of a NC-thickening of the Poincaré bundle. It is (up to an automorphism which is trivial on the truncation) isomorphic to the analytification of the algebraic NC-thickening. In [\textit{A.\ Polishchuk}, Compos.\ Math., 140, 459--481 (2004, Zbl 1076.14039)] the first author studied a functor from \(\mathrm{D}^{\mathrm{b}}(C)\) to the derived category of the formal spectrum of \(\mathbb{C}\langle\langle x_1,\dotsc,x_n\rangle\rangle\), obtained via the \(\mathrm{A}_\infty\)-structure on \(\mathrm{D}^{\mathrm{b}}(C)\). The final result is then the existence of a quasi-isomorphism between the image under this functor by Polishchuk and a local version of the Fourier--Mukai transform due to Kapranov.