Cyclic regular subgroups of primitive permutation groups (Q4779664)

Let \(G\) be a finite primitive permutation group of degree \(n\) containing an \(n\)-cycle. If \(n\) is prime, then Burnside proved that either \(G\) is \(2\)-transitive or \(G\) is solvable. If \(n\) is not prime, then Schur proved that \(G\) is \(2\)-transitive. Feit observed that from the classification of \(2\)-transitive groups (which depends upon the classification of finite simple groups), one could deduce which \(2\)-transitive groups contain an \(n\)-cycle. In the case where \(G\) is a group with simple socle \(\text{PSL}(d,q)\) (with \(n=(q^d-1)/(q-1)\)), Feit did not specify what the possible classes of \(n\)-cycles are. In this note, the author shows that aside from the case \(d=2\), \(q=8\), \(n=9\), there is a single class of cyclic transitive subgroups (the Singer cycle) and so any such group must contain this element and so must contain \(\text{PGL}(d,q)\). If \(d\geq 3\), all regular subgroups were determined by \textit{E. Ellers} and \textit{H. Karzel} [Abh. Math. Semin. Univ. Hamb. 27, 250-264 (1964; Zbl 0123.37901)]. Jones does more -- he finds all Abelian subgroups of order \(n\); not just the transitive ones. His proof uses the existence of Zsigmondy primes. If one is interested in classifying the cyclic ones, one can avoid this by noting that if \(g\in\text{P}\Gamma\)L