Maximal functions with polynomial densities in lacunary directions (Q4787455)

In the plane, the authors consider the maximal operator \[ M_p f(x_1,x_2)= \sup_{h>0, i,j\in\mathbb{Z}} {1\over h} \int^h_0|f(x_1- 2^i p(t),\;x_2- 2^j p(t))|dt, \] where a real one variable polynomial \(p(t)\) with \(p(0)= 0\) is given. They prove that \(M_p\) is bounded on \(L^p(\mathbb{R}^2)\) for \(q> 1\) with bounds that only depend on the degree of \(p\). It is pointed out that \(M_p\) cannot satisfy a weak type \((1,1)\) estimate. Moreover, for the proof of the \(L^p\)-boundedness of \(M_p\), they consider the possibility that the Fourier transform of the measure has no decay within an angle that does not contain the coordinate axes, and prove the following: For a probability measure \(\mu\) supported on the sphere, let \(\mu_{i,j}\) be the measure such that \(\int fd\mu_{ij}= \int f(2^i x_1, 2^j x_2) d\mu(x_1, x_2)\). If there are constants \(C\), \(\delta> 0\) and \(s> 1\) such that \[ |\widehat\mu(\xi)|\leq C(1+ |\xi|)^{-\delta}\tag{1} \] away from the set where \(s^{-1}<{|\xi_1|\over|\xi_2|}< s\), and if the one-parameter maximal operator \(M^0_\mu f(x)= \sup_{i\in\mathbb{Z}}|f* \mu_{i,i}(x)|\) is bounded on \(L^q(\mathbb{R}^2)\) for \(q> 1\), then the two-parameter maximal operator \(M_\mu f(x)= \sup_{i,j\in\mathbb{Z}}|f*\mu_{i,j}(x)|\) is bounded on \(L^q(\mathbb{R}^2)\) for \(q> 1\), where bounds depend only on \(s\), \(C\), \(\delta\) in (1), and the norm of \(M^0_\mu\).