Average sampling and space-frequency localized frames on bounded domains (Q491083)

Average sampling for bandlimited functions in \(L_2(R)\) was initiated by \textit{H. G. Feichtinger} and \textit{K. Gröchenig} [in: Wavelets: mathematics and applications. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. 305--363 (1994; Zbl 1090.94524)] and further developed by \textit{A. Aldroubi} [Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 13, No. 2, 151--161 (2002; Zbl 1016.42022)], \textit{A. Aldroubi} and \textit{H. G. Feichtinger} [in: Wavelet analysis. Twenty years' developments. Proceedings of the international conference of computational harmonic analysis, Hong Kong, China, June 4--8, 2001. Singapore: World Scientific. 1--8 (2002; Zbl 1038.42030)], \textit{A. Aldroubi} et al. [J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 11, No. 2, 215--244 (2005; Zbl 1095.42022)], \textit{W. Sun} and \textit{X. Zhou} [Constr. Approx. 18, No. 2, 205--222 (2002; Zbl 1002.42022); Appl. Math. Lett. 15, No. 2, 233--237 (2002; Zbl 0998.94518)] and the author [Int. J. Wavelets Multiresolut. Inf. Process. 3, No. 3, 417--434 (2005; Zbl 1075.42011); J. Math. Anal. Appl. 330, No. 2, 1194--1206 (2007; Zbl 1112.42017)], among others. In the case of Riemannian manifolds without boundary, average sampling was introduced and analyzed by the author [ J. Geom. Anal. 4 (1), 101--121 (2004); Adv. Appl. Math. 33, No. 3, 548--572 (2004; Zbl 1063.58020); Contemp. Math. 405, 135--148 (2006; Zbl 1107.43010); Houston J. Math. 32, No. 1, 183--204 (2006; Zbl 1097.43007)]. This work studies average sampling for a particular class of manifolds with boundaries, namely bounded domains \(\Omega\) with smooth boundaries in Euclidean spaces. In this setting, the analogs of ``bandlimited'' functions are eigenspaces of an appropriate elliptic differential operator with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The author considers a class of strictly elliptic self--adjoint positive definite operators \(L\) in \(L_2(\Omega)\) with a discrete spectrum \(0 \leq \lambda_1 \leq \lambda_2 \leq \cdots\) which goes to infinity. Let \(E_{[\sigma, \omega]}(L)\) denote the span of all eigenfunctions whose eigenvalues are in \([\sigma, \omega]\). If \(\sigma=0\), the notation \(E_{\omega}(L)\) is used. The author develops average sampling in spaces of bandlimited functions \(E_{\omega}(L)\), \(\omega >0\). As a first step he proves a generalized version of the Poincaré inequality. He then proves that every function in a subspace \(E_{\omega}(L)\), \(\omega >0\), is uniquely determined by its average values over ``small'' subsets ``uniformly'' distributed over the domain \(\Omega\). This leads to a construction of an ``almost tight'' Hilbert frame in each subspace \(E_{\omega}(L)\), \(\omega >0\). Using this result he constructs an ``almost tight'' bandlimited frame in \(L_2(\Omega)\) having the following properties: (a) the frame constants are close to 1; (b) every frame member \(\psi_{j,i}\) is bandlimited: \(\psi_{j,i} \in E_{[2^{2j-2},2^{2j+2}]}(L)\); (c) if \(j\) is large enough, the frame function \(\psi_{j,i}\) looks ``almost'' like the delta function.