Maps preserving the local spectrum of Jordan product of matrices (Q491128)

Let \(M_{n}(\mathbb{C})\) be the set of all \(n\times n\) complex matrices and denote by \(\sigma _{A}(x)\) the local spectrum of \(A\in M_{n}(\mathbb{C})\) at \(x\in \mathbb{C}^{n}\). In the paper, the authors describe the form of maps on \( M_{n}(\mathbb{C})\) that preserve the local spectrum of the Jordan product of matrices at a nonzero fixed vector in \(\mathbb{C}^{n}\). The main result is as follows. Let \(x_{0}\) be a fixed nonzero vector in \(\mathbb{C}^{n}\). A map \(\varphi : M_{n}(\mathbb{C})\rightarrow M_{n}(\mathbb{C})\) satisfies \[ \sigma _{\varphi (T)\varphi (S)+\varphi (S)\varphi (T)}(x_{0})=\sigma_{TS+ST}(x_{0}),\quad T,S\in M_{n}(\mathbb{C}), \] if and only if there exists an invertible matrix \(V\in M_{n}(\mathbb{C})\) such that \(Vx_{0}=x_{0}\) and \(\varphi (A)=\pm VAV^{-1}\) for every \(A\in M_{n}(\mathbb{C})\). The paper has five sections. The main result is stated in the second section. In the third section, the authors present preliminaries and auxiliary results, e.g., they introduce some notations and properties of the local spectrum. The proof of the main result, which is broken down into five steps, is given in the fourth section. Some final comments and remarks are stated in the last section.