Toric origami structures on quasitoric manifolds (Q492199)

The article is devoted to the proof of the existence of a \(2n\)-dimensional quasitoric manifold (for each \(n\geq 3\)) which is not equivariantly homeomorphic to any toric origami manifold. The general statement follows from the construction in dimension 6. Origami manifolds were introduced by Cannas da Silva, Guillemin and Pires as a generalization of symplectic manifolds. Toric origami manifolds are \(2n\)-dimensional compact manifolds with an effective action of an \(n\)-dimensional compact torus. The exposition in the article was motivated by the following result of Masuda and Park: any simply connected compact smooth 4-manifold with an effective smooth action of a 2-dimensional compact torus is equivariantly diffeomorphic to a toric origami manifold (in particular, any quasitoric manifold of Davis and Januszkiewicz is a toric origami manifold). Section 1 presents some necessary combinatorial and topological concepts and constructions, such as folded symplectic manifolds, Hamiltonian torus actions, quasitoric manifolds, symplectic toric manifolds, and toric origami manifolds. The latter three have their combinatorial patterns, namely, characteristic pairs, Delzant polytopes (the images of the corresponding moment maps, due to Delzant theorem), and origami templates, respectively. In section 2 the new notion of a weighted simplicial cell sphere is introduced and the construction of a connected sum of such spheres along vertices is discussed. This is used in section 3 for the construction of a 3-dimensional simple polytope \(P\) and a characteristic function \(\Lambda\) such that the dual weighted sphere \((K_{P},\Lambda)\) cannot be represented as a connected sum, along a tree, of weighed spheres dual to Delzant polytopes (Proposition 3.1). Due to Steinitz' theorem, it is sufficient to prove that there exists a simplicial 2-sphere \(K\) which cannot be represented as a connected sum of weighted spheres dual to Delzant polytopes. This gives the desired example for the main result in the dimension 3 case. An example in the general case (Proposition 3.14) is obtained as a product of a non toric origami quasitoric manifold of smaller dimension with \(S^2\). The last section 4 deals with some open problems and claims concerning, in particular, other possible examples of non toric origami manifolds in the cases of compact smooth toric varieties, all the quasitoric manifolds over the same simple polytope, or considering Oda's 3-fold.