3-extremal holomorphic maps and the symmetrized bidisc (Q493994)

The symmetrized bidisc is the following subset of \({\mathbb C}^2\): \[ {\mathcal G}=\{(z+w,zw):|z|<1,|w|<1\}. \] A holomorphic function from \(\mathbb C\) to \({\mathcal G}\) is called \({\mathcal G}\)-inner if it maps the unit circle to the distinguished boundary of \({\mathcal G}\). The authors show that there are two different classes of rational \({\mathcal G}\)-inner functions of degree at most 4: aligned and caddywhompus. The main result gives a necessary condition for a 3-point interpolation problem to be solvable by an aligned rational \({\mathcal G}\)-inner function of degree at most 4.