The monomial basis and the \(Q\)-basis of the Hopf algebra of parking functions. (Q494299)

The space generated by parking functions holds several Hopf algebra structures, including a commutative one, introduced by Hivert, Novelli and Thibon and refered to as \(\mathbf{PQSym}\). A new one is introduced here, using a generalization of the monomial basis of the Hopf algebra on noncommutative symmetric functions. It is denoted by \(\mathbf{PFSym}\). A second basis is introduced, with the help of a Möbius inversion. Both bases give a proof of the freeness of \(\mathbf{PFSym}\), the first one considering the elements indexed by atomic parking functions, the second one considering the elements indexed by unsplitable parking functions. As a consequence, \(\mathbf{PFSym}\) and the dual of \(\mathbf{PQSym}\) are isomorphic, in a nontrivial way. Several Hopf subalgebras of \(\mathbf{PFSym}\) are introduced, including one isomorphic to noncommutative symmetric functions, and other ones isomorphic to Grossman-Larson's Hopf algebras of ordered or heap-ordered trees.