Nonlinear Schrödinger equation: concentration on circles driven by an external magnetic field (Q502227)

The paper addresses the stationary three-dimensional equation for the complex order parameter, \(u\), in the framework of the Ginzburg-Landau superconductivity theory: \[ (i\hbar\nabla +A(x))^2u +V(x)u = |u|^{(p-2)}u, \] with the nonlinear term determined \(p>2\). Here, \(A(x)\) is the magnetic potential, the addition of which to the gradient makes it a gauge-invariant operator, and \(V(x)\) is the electric potential. The objective is to consider the quasiclassical limit of the equation, which formally corresponds to \(\hbar \to 0\) (\(\hbar\) is the Planck's constant. The setting is considered with axially symmetric fields. The main result is the proof of the existence of the quasiclassical solutions whose absolute value concentrates in a vicinity of a circle.