On Kodaira type vanishing for Calabi-Yau threefolds in positive characteristic (Q515713)

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed ground field of characteristic \(p>0\), and \(\mathscr{L}\) be an ample sheaf on a smooth proper scheme \(X\) of dimension \(d\). By the Kodaira-Akizuki-Nakano vanishing result in the form of \textit{P. Deligne} and \textit{L. Illusie} [Invent. Math. 89, 247--270 (1987; Zbl 0632.14017)], we have \(H^j(X,\Omega_{X/k}^i\otimes\mathscr{L}^\vee)=0\) provided that \(i+j<d,p\) and that \(X\) lifts to the ring of truncated Witt vectors \(W_2\). The special case \(i=0\) and \(j=1\) yields \(h^1(\mathscr{L}^\vee)=0\). Here the author studies the situations where the result does not apply, that is, \(X\) does not lift to \(W_2\). The main result is a lower bound on cohomology: Suppose \(X\) is a Calabi-Yau threefold whose tangent sheaf \(E=T_X\) satisfies the slope conditions \(L_{\max}(E)\leq 0\) or \(L_{\min}(E)\geq 0\), and that \(\mathscr{L}\) is an ample sheaf with \(h^1(\mathscr{L}^\vee)\neq 0\). Then one actually has \[ h^1(\mathscr{L}^\vee) \geq h^2(\mathscr{L}^\vee) + \frac{1}{6} c_1^3(\mathscr{L}). \] Here \(L_{\max}(E)\) is the limit over the maximal slopes occuring in the Harder-Narasimhan filtrations of the Frobenius pullbacks \((F^k)^*(E)\), divided by the prime powers \(p^k\). The paper contains several other observations concerning Kodaira non-vanishing on Calabi-Yau threefolds.