Smooth model of the relay with hysteresis (Q544720)

The authors consider a system of ordinary differential equations \[ \dot x= f(t,x,u).\tag{1} \] The external input \(u\) is generated as the output of a device acting as a relay system with hysteresis. Two different ways to model hysteresis are considered. According to the first one, hysteresis is described as a discrete and basically logic process. The second model is smooth and exploits a differential equation. The authors compare the solutions of (1) (corresponding to the same initial data) obtained by these two methods and provide, under suitable assumptions, an estimation of their distance on bounded intervals.