Trace formulae and imaginary quadratic fields (Q583276)

This paper deals with the generalization and refinement of results in the previous articles of the author (together with \textit{Y. Onishi}) [Invent. Math. 88, 31-38 (1987; Zbl 0585.12004) and J. Reine Angew. Math. 390, 97- 113 (1988; Zbl 0638.12001)]. Let p be a prime number. Let \({\mathfrak P}_+\), \({\mathfrak P}_-\) and \({\mathfrak P}_ 0\) be finite sets of prime numbers such that \({\mathfrak P}_+\cap {\mathfrak P}_-={\mathfrak P}_-\cap {\mathfrak P}_ 0={\mathfrak P}_ 0\cap {\mathfrak P}_+=\emptyset\) and that \({\mathfrak P}_+\cup {\mathfrak P}_-\not\ni 2\). Discussing the trace formulae (due to M. Eichler and M. Yamauchi) of Hecke operators for certain modular groups, the paper proves that if p is sufficiently large, then there exist infinitely many imaginary quadratic fields of class numbers prime to p in which the elements of \({\mathfrak P}_+\) are decomposed, the elements of \({\mathfrak P}_-\) remain prime, and those of \({\mathfrak P}_ 0\) are ramified. Some supplementary results are also given. For example, in the case where \(p>4L((1+3 \log (4\sqrt{L}/\pi))/\pi)^ 2\) with the product L of all primes in \({\mathfrak P}_ 0\), it is proved that there exist infinitely many imaginary quadratic fields of class numbers prime to p with discriminants divisible by L.