Hilbert genus fields of real biquadratic fields (Q5919753)

Let \(K\) be a number field and \(\mathrm{C}_K\) be its class group. Let \(L/K\) be an unramified abelian extension, the Artin map induces a surjective map : \(\phi_{L/K} : \mathrm{C}_K\rightarrow\mathrm{Gal}(L/K)\). If \(L=H\) is the Hilbert class field of \(K\), then \(\phi_{L/K}\) is an injective map. Let \(G=\mathrm{Gal}(H/K)\), by Galois theory, there is a number field \(E\) such that \(G^2=\mathrm{Gal}(H/E)\) and \(G/G^2\simeq\mathrm{Gal}(E/K)\). By class field theory the kernel of \(\phi_{E/K}\) is \(\mathrm{C}_K^2\). Thus \(\mathrm{Gal}(E/K)\simeq G/G^2\simeq \mathrm{C}_K/\mathrm{C}_K^2.\) The field \(E\) which is invariant under \(G^2\), is called the Hilbert genus field of \(K\). Let \(\delta\) and \(d\) be square-free integers, and \(K = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{\delta}, \sqrt{d})\). The Hilbert genus field \(E\) of the biquadratic field \(K\) is explicitly constructed in many cases such that the class number of \(K_0 = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{\delta})\) is odd: by \textit{P. J. Sime} [J. Number Theory 50, No. 1, 154--166 (1995; Zbl 0821.11058)], \textit{Q. Yue} [Ramanujan J. 21, No. 1, 17--25 (2010; Zbl 1243.11108)], \textit{S. Bae} and \textit{Q. Yue} [Ramanujan J. 24, No. 2, 161--181 (2011; Zbl 1231.11126)] and by the authors of the present paper in [Sci. China, Math. 57, No. 10, 2111--2122 (2014; Zbl 1360.11128)] for somme imaginary biquadratic fields \(K = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{\delta}, \sqrt{d})\). In the present paper, the authors give an explicit construction of \(E\) in the case \(\delta=p\), \(2p\) or \(p_1p_2\), where \(p\), \(p_1\) and \(p_2\) are primes congruent to \(3 \pmod 4\), and \(d\) is any square-free positive integer. This completes the explicit construction of the Hilbert genus field of real biquadratic field \(K = K_0(\sqrt{d})\) such that \(K_0=\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{\delta})\) has an odd class number.