Nontrivial periodic solutions for asymptotically linear Hamiltonian systems with resonance (Q5946976)

This paper considers the Hamiltonian system \(\dot z=JH'(t,z)\) where \(H\in C^2([0,1] \times\mathbb{R}^{2N}, \mathbb{R})\) is 1-periodic in \(t\) and \(J= \left(\begin{smallmatrix} 0 & -I_N\\ I_N & 0\end{smallmatrix} \right)\). This system is called asymptotically linear at both the origin and at infinity if there are two \(2N\times 2N\) symmetric continuous 1-periodic matrix functions \(B_0(t)\) and \(B_\infty(t)\) so that \(H'(z,t)= B_0(t)z+O (|z|)\) as \(|z|\to 0\) uniformly in \(t\), and \(H'(z,t)= B_\infty(t) z+O(|z|)\) as \(|z|\to\infty\) uniformly in \(t\), where \(|\cdot|\) denotes the usual norm in \(\mathbb{R}^{2N}\). The author proves existence of nontrivial 1-periodic solutions for first order asymptotically linear Hamiltonian systems under the assumption that \(B_0(t)\) and \(B_\infty(t)\) have different Maslov indices at the origin and at infinity. The author's results remain valid even when both of the asymptotic matrices are degenerate and time dependent.