On the Camassa-Holm and K-dV hierarchies (Q5961953)

From \textit{R. Beals, D. H. Sattinger} and \textit{J. Szmigielski}, [Adv.\ Math.\ 154, No.\ 2, 229--257 (2000; Zbl 0968.35008)] and \textit{H. P. McKean}, [Commun.\ Pure Appl.\ Math.\ 56, No.\ 7, 998--1015 (2003; Zbl 1037.37030)] it is known that a Liouville transform allows one to pass from an equation of the Korteweg-de Vries (K-dV) hierarchy \[ u_t=3uu_x-\frac{1}{2}u_{xxx} \] to a corresponding equation of the Camassa-Holm (CH) hierarchy \[ 4u_t=u_{xxt}+1uu_{xxx}+4u_xu_{xx}-24uu_x. \] This paper presents a systematic development of the correspondence between these two hierarchies using coefficients of the asymptotic expansion of certain Green's functions. In doing so, the authors obtain a new class of solutions to the CH hierarchy. This involves a detailed analysis of the Liouville transform (which turns out to be a correspondence between a Schrödinger potential \(q(X)\) and the value \(G_q(X,0)\) obtained from the evaluation of the Green's function \(G_q\) along the orbit of \(q\) under the translation flow) and a survey of the Segal-Wilson theory for Schrödinger operators.