Local rigidity of manifolds with hyperbolic cusps. I: Linear theory and microlocal tools (Q6043795)

The authors consider the question of infinitesimal spectral rigidity of negatively curved manifolds, see, e.g., [\textit{V. Guillemin} and \textit{D. Kazhdan}, Topology 19, 301--312 (1980; Zbl 0465.58027)]. The paper is the first in a series of two articles whose aim is to extend to the case of negatively curved manifolds with hyperbolic cusps a recent result in [\textit{C. Guillarmou} and \textit{T. Lefeuvre}, Ann. Math. (2) 190, No. 1, 321--344 (2019; Zbl 1506.53054)] dealing with the local rigidity of the marked length spectrum in the case of compact negatively curved Riemannian manifolds. It is known that the \(L_2\)-spectrum of the Laplacian of negatively curved manifolds with hyperbolic cusps splits into a pure point spectrum -- eigenvalues -- and a continuous spectrum. Associated to the later one can define a resonance set, which leads to a further natural study of isospectrality, see [\textit{W. Müller}, Invent. Math. 109, No. 2, 265--305 (1992; Zbl 0772.58063); Math. Nachr. 111, 197--288 (1983; Zbl 0529.58035)]. For closed manifolds, the infinitesimal spectral rigidity is assured through the injectivity of the X-ray transform on divergence-free 2-tensors, meaning the integration of symmetric 2-tensors along closed geodesics. This procedure is also called solenoidal injectivity. Thus, the main results of the paper, namely, Theorem 1.1 and Corollary 1.2, concern the solenoidal injectivity of the X-ray transform in case the basis manifold is negatively curved with hyperbolic cusps. This is done by extending microlocal calculus techniques presented in [\textit{Y. G. Bonthonneau} and \textit{T. Weich}, J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 24, No. 3, 851--923 (2022; Zbl 1495.37022)], and also further techniques introduced by the first author in [Commun. Math. Phys. 343, No. 1, 311--359 (2016; Zbl 1354.58031)]. The authors thoroughly present their methods to finally achieve, in Sections 5.5 and 5.6, the proofs of Theorem 1.1 and Corollary 1.2. The nonlinear case, namely the local marked length spectrum rigidity, is to be treated in the second part.