Radially symmetric stationary solutions for certain chemotaxis systems in higher dimensions: a geometric approach (Q6044922)

The author studies the parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis system \[ \begin{cases} u_t = \Delta u - \nabla \cdot(u \nabla v), & (x,t) \in \mathbb{R}^N \times (0,\infty),\\ 0 = \Delta v +u, & (x,t) \in \mathbb{R}^N \times (0,\infty), \end{cases}\tag{1} \] as well as the parabolic-elliptic attraction-repulsion chemotaxis system \[ \begin{cases} u_t = \Delta u - \alpha \nabla \cdot(u \nabla p) + \beta \nabla \cdot (u \nabla q), & (x,t) \in \mathbb{R}^N \times (0,\infty),\\ 0 = \Delta p +u, & (x,t) \in \mathbb{R}^N \times (0,\infty), \\ 0 = \Delta q +u, & (x,t) \in \mathbb{R}^N \times (0,\infty), \end{cases} \tag{2} \] where \(N \ge 3\) and the constants \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\) are assumed to satisfy \(0 < \alpha < \beta\). For (1) the author proves the existence of a radially symmetric positive stationary solution and studies its asymptotic behavior as \(r = |x| \to \infty\). For (2) the author shows the existence of a radially symmetric positive stationary solution for \(r= |x| \in I\) which becomes singular as \(r \searrow r_-\) and \(r \nearrow r_+\), with \(I \in \{ [0,r_+), (r_-, r_+), (r_-, \infty)\}\) for \(0<r_-<r_+<\infty\), and the author studies the asymptotic behavior at the singularities. In addition, it is shown that neither for (1) nor for (2) there is a sign-changing radially symmetric stationary solution. In the proofs in particular the theory of dynamical systems is combined with the Poincaré and the Poincaré-Lyapunov compactifications.