Some families of big and stable bundles on \(K3\) surfaces and on their Hilbert schemes of points (Q6050179)

This paper discusses bigness and slope-stability of some meaningful vector bundles on \(K3\) surfaces and Hilbert schemes of points on \(K3\) surfaces. Let \(X\) be a smooth complex projective variety. A rank \(r\) vector bundle \(E\) on \(X\) is said to be \textit{big} if \(\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}(E)}(1)\) is big on \(\mathbb{P}(E)\). Let \(X\) be a very general polarised \(K3\) surface \((X,H)\) with polarisation \(H\) and genus \(g\). The first main result of this paper is to list the pairs of integers \((g,n)\) such that \(T_X(n) := T_X\otimes H^{\otimes n}\) is big. Let \(\mu_H(E) := \frac{\int_X c_1(E)\cdot H}{r}\) be the \(H\)-slope of \(E\). The authors also examine the moduli space of \(\mu_H\)-stable vector bundles \(M_H(v_{g,n})^s\) on \((X,H)\), where \(v_{g,n}\) is the Mukai vector of \(T_X(n)\). For all pairs \((g,n)\) such that \(T_X(n)\) is big, they show this moduli space to be a smooth, quasi-projective variety of dimension 90 whose general element parameterises a rank 2 vector bundle with Mukai vector \(v_{g,n}\). For \(Y := X^{[k]}\), the Hilbert scheme of \(k\) points on \(X\), they show the bundle \(T_Y(n) := T_Y\otimes H_Y^{\otimes n}\) to be \(\mu_{H_Y}\)-stable for all pairs of integers \((g,n)\) and list also the pairs of integers \((g,n)\) for which \(T_Y(n)\) is big. They then assume \(g\geq 3\) and consider some other meaningful vector bundles on \(X\) and \(X^{[k]}\). Let \(C\in |H|\) be a general curve and let \(|A| = g^{r-1}_d\) be a complete linear series on \(C\). For suitable \(A\) and \(|H|\), there exists a \textit{Mukai-Lazarsfeld} vector bundle \(E_{C,A}\) associated to the triple \((X,C,A)\) and which relates to the Brill-Noether locus \(W^{r-1}_d(C)\). Given certain numerical assumptions on \(C\) and \(A\), the authors prove that there exists a bundle \(E_{C,A}\) which is globally generated and \(\mu_H\)-stable on \(X\). They describe also how the moduli space \(M_H(v)^s\) behaves for different numerical assumptions, where \(v\) is the Mukai vector of \(E_{C,A}\). They show that for every integer \(a\geq 1\), there exists an \((8a^2+2a^2(g-1)+2)\)-dimensional family of \(\mu_H\)-stable Ulrich bundles \(E\) on \(X\) with Mukai vector \(v=(2a, 3aH, 2a(g-2))\). In this case, the general point of \(M_H(v)^s\) corresponds to a \(\mu_H\)-stable Ulrich bundle of rank \(2a\) which is also globally generated and big. Finally, let \(E^{[k]}\) be the tautological bundle on \(X^{[k]}\) associated to a vector bundle \(E\) on \(X\). Then, for meaningful vector bundles \(E\) like those mentioned above, they prove again bigness and stability results. The proofs use that \(E^{[k]}\) is globally generated to show nefness and recurrence formulas on Segre classes to show bigness.