On higher dimensional Poissonian pair correlation (Q6058859)

Let \(s>0\) be a real number and \(N\) be a natural number. For any real \(x\), \(\|x\|\) denotes the nearest integer distance. A sequence \((x_n^{(1)},\dots,x_n^{(d)})_{n\ge 1}\in(0,1]^d\) is said to have \(\infty\)-PPC (Poissonian pair correlation) if for all \(s>0\), \[ \frac{1}{N}\#\left\{1\le m\ne n\le N:\max\{\|x_n^{(1)}\|,\dots,\|x_n^{(d)}\|\}\le\frac{s}{N^{1/d}}\right\}\to(2 s)^d\text{ as }N\to\infty, \] and \(2\)-PPC if for all \(s>0\), \[ \frac{1}{N}\#\left\{1\le m\ne n\le N:(\|x_n^{(1)}\|^2,\dots,\|x_n^{(d)}\|^2)^{1/2}\le\frac{s}{N^{1/d}}\right\}\to w_d s^d\text{ as }N\to\infty, \] where \(w_d\) is the volume of the unit ball of \(\mathbb R^d\) in \(2\)-norm. The purpose of this article is to show \(\infty\)-PPC and \(2\)-PPC for some higher dimensional sequences of the form \((\{a_n^{(1)}\alpha_1\},\dots,\{a_n^{(d)}\alpha_1\})\), where \((a_n^{(i)})\), for \(i=1,2,\dots,d\) are sequences of natural numbers and \((\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_d)\in\mathbb R^d\). It is shown that for any \(d\ge 2\), strictly increasing sequences \((a_n^{(1)}),\dots,(a_n^{(1)})\) of natural numbers have MPPC (metric Poissonian pair correlation) with respect to sup-norm if their joint additive energy is \(O(N^{3-\delta})\) for any \(\delta>0\). Further, in dimension two, we establish an analogous result with respect to the \(2\)-norm. For an arbitrary strictly increasing sequence \((a_n)\) of natural numbers and for any \(l\ge 2\in\mathbb N\), \((a_n,n^l)\) has \(\infty\)-MPPC and \(2\)-MPPC. In particular, \((\{n\alpha\},\{n^2\beta\})\) has \(\infty\)-PPC and \(2\)-PPC for almost all \((\alpha,\beta)\in\mathbb R^2\). For a real number with \(A\in[1,2]\), \((\{n\alpha\},\{[n\log^A n]\beta\})\) has \(\infty\)-PPC and \(2\)-PPC. This gives a negative answer to the question raised by \textit{R. Hofer} and \textit{L. Kaltenböck} [Monatsh. Math. 194, No. 4, 789--809 (2021; Zbl 1470.11206)]. The proof uses estimates for generalized GCD (greatest common divisor)-sums.