Global well-posedness of 2D incompressible Oldroyd-B model with only velocity dissipation (Q6083322)

The authors consider the 2D incompressible Oldroyd-B equations with only velocity dissipation written as: \(u_{t}+u\cdot \nabla u-\mu u+\nabla p=\mu _{1}\nabla \cdot \tau \), \(\tau _{t}+u\cdot \nabla \tau +Q(\tau ,\nabla u)=\mu _{2}D(u)\), \(\nabla \cdot u=0\), in \(\mathbb{R}^{+}\times \mathbb{R}^{2} \), where \(u\) is the fluid velocity field, \(p\) the scalar pressure, \(\tau \) the non-Newtonian stress tensor represented by a symmetric matrix, \(\mu , \mu _{1},\mu _{2}\) nonnegative constants, \(D(u)\) the symmetric part of \(\nabla u\), and \(Q(\tau ,\nabla u)=\tau \Omega (u)-\Omega (u)\tau +b(D(u)\tau +\tau D(u))\), \(\Omega (u)\) being the skew-symmetric part of \(\nabla u\).\ The initial data \(u(0,x)=u_{0}(x)\), \(\tau (0,x)=\tau _{0}(x)\) , \(x\in \mathbb{R}^{2}\), are added, where \(u_{0}\) is divergence-free and \( \tau _{0}\) is symmetric and \((u_{0},\tau _{0})\in \overset{.}{H}^{-\sigma _{0}}(\mathbb{R}^{2})\cap \overset{.}{H}^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{2})\) for any fixed real number \(0<\sigma _{0}<1\). The main result proves the existence of a small constant \(\varepsilon \) such that the above system has a unique global classical solution if \(\left\Vert (u_{0},\tau _{0})\right\Vert _{\overset{.}{ H}^{-\sigma _{0}}(\mathbb{R}^{2})}+\left\Vert (u_{0},\tau _{0})\right\Vert _{ \overset{.}{H}^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{2})}\leq \varepsilon \). Moreover, the solution \((u,\tau )\) satisfies time-decay estimates. For the proof, the authors introduce the projection operator \(\mathbb{P}=I+(-\Delta )^{-1}\nabla \operatorname{div}\) and they define the energy through: \[\mathcal{E} _{0}(t)=sup_{0\leq t^{\prime }\leq t}(\left\Vert u(t^{\prime }))\right\Vert _{\overset{.}{H}^{-\sigma _{0}}\cap \overset{.}{H}^{2}}^{2}+\left\Vert \tau (t^{\prime })\right\Vert _{\overset{.}{H}^{-\sigma _{0}}\cap \overset{.}{H} ^{2}}^{2})+\int_{0}^{t}(\left\Vert \nabla u(t^{\prime }))\right\Vert _{ \overset{.}{H}^{-\sigma _{0}}\cap \overset{.}{H}^{2}}^{2}+\left\Vert \mathbb{ P}\nabla \cdot \tau (t^{\prime })\right\Vert _{\overset{.}{H}^{-\sigma _{0}}\cap \overset{.}{H}^{1}}^{2})dt,\] and the weighted energy \[\mathcal{E} _{1}(t)=sup_{0\leq t^{\prime }\leq t}(1+t^{\prime })^{1+\sigma _{1}}(\left\Vert u(t^{\prime }))\right\Vert _{\overset{.}{H}^{-\sigma _{0}}\cap \overset{.}{H}^{2}}^{2}+\left\Vert \tau (t^{\prime })\right\Vert _{ \overset{.}{H}^{-\sigma _{0}}\cap \overset{.}{H}^{2}}^{2})+ \int_{0}^{t}(1+t^{\prime })^{1+\sigma _{1}}(\left\Vert \nabla u(t^{\prime }))\right\Vert _{\overset{.}{H}^{-\sigma _{0}}\cap \overset{.}{H} ^{2}}^{2}+\left\Vert \mathbb{P}\nabla \cdot \tau (t^{\prime })\right\Vert _{ \overset{.}{H}^{-\sigma _{0}}\cap \overset{.}{H}^{1}}^{2})dt,\] where \(\sigma _{1}\) is a arbitrarily fixed number satisfying \(0<\sigma _{1}<\sigma _{0}\). The key step of the proof is to prove estimates on these energies using properties of the projection operator and proving an estimate for commutators related to fractional negative derivatives and a bilinear estimate related to fractional negative derivatives for products of functions in \(L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{2})\).