Multiplicity one for the pair \((\mathrm{GL}_n (D), \mathrm{GL}_n (E))\) (Q6097862)

Let \(F\) be a local field of characteristic \(0\), and \(E = F[\delta]\) be a quadratic field extension of \(F\), with \(\delta^{2} \in F^{\times} \setminus (F^{\times})^2\). The fixed points \(H_n\) of the involution \(\theta\) on \(\mathrm{GL}(2n, F)\) given by \[ \theta(g) = \begin{pmatrix} \delta & \\ & -\delta \end{pmatrix} g \begin{pmatrix} \delta & \\ & -\delta \end{pmatrix}^{-1} \] are isomorphic to \(\mathrm{GL}(n, E)\). In particular, every representation of \(\mathrm{GL}(2n, F)\) can be seen as a representation of \(\mathrm{GL}(n, E)\). For every character \(\mu\) of \(E^{\times}\), the author proved in Theorem 1.2 that any bi-( \(\mathrm{GL}(n, E), \mu)\)-equivariant tempered generalized function on \(\mathrm{GL}(2n, F)\) is invariant with respect to an anti-involution. Using a result of \textit{B. Sun} and \textit{C.-B. Zhu} [Manuscr. Math. 136, No. 1--2, 185--197 (2011; Zbl 1229.22014)], the author proves (Theorem 1.1) that for any irreducible admissible smooth representation \(\pi\) of \(\mathrm{GL}(2n, F)\), we have \[ \dim \Hom_{\mathrm{GL}(n, E)}(\pi, \mu) \leq 1\,. \] In particular, it follows that \((\mathrm{GL}(2n, F), \mathrm{GL}(2n, F)\)) is a Gelfand pair (when \(\mu\) is trivial). In Section 5, the author obtained similar results for the pair \((\mathrm{GL}(n, D), \mathrm{GL}(n, E))\), where \(D\) is the unique quaternion division algebra over \(F\).