Positive measure of effective quasi-periodic motion near a Diophantine torus (Q6112435)

The authors consider a conjecture proposed in [\textit{M. Herman}, in: Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. II. 797--808 (1998; Zbl 0910.58036)]. The interest goes to the dynamics in a neighborhood of an analytic Lagrangian Diophantine quasi-periodic torus \(\mathcal{T}_0\) invariant under a real-analytic Hamiltonian system. It is known that such a Hamiltonian \(H: \mathbb{T}^d \times U \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) has the form \[H(\theta, I) = \omega \cdot I + \mathcal{O} | I |^2,\] where \(U\) is an open set containing the origin, \(\omega \in \mathbb{R}^d\), and \(I \in \mathbb{Z}^d \backslash 0\). The aim of this paper is to prove a formal consequence of Herman's conjecture: For \(r > 0\) small enough, there is an open set \(\mathcal{U}_r\) in \(\mathbb{T}^d \times \{ | I | < r\}\) whose complement has relative measure bounded by exp\((-cr^{-a})\) such that for solutions with initial conditions \((\theta_0, I_0) \in \mathcal{U}_r\), there is effective stability of the quasi-periodic motion for a doubly-exponentially long interval. It remains an open question whether \(\mathcal{U}_r\) contains a set of positive measure of Diophantine quasi-periodic tori.