Eigenvalue estimates for Beltrami-Laplacian under Bakry-Émery Ricci curvature condition (Q6120812)

Let \((M, g)\) be a Riemannian manifold and \(f\in C^\infty(M)\). The Bakry-Émery Ricci curvature tensor is defined by \(\operatorname{Ric}f = \operatorname{Ric} + \operatorname{Hess} f\), where \(\operatorname{Ric}\) is the Ricci curvature tensor and \(\operatorname{Hess}(f)\) is the hessian of \(f\). It is of interest to extend results under the assumption of Ricci curvature bounded below when Bakry-Émery Ricci curvature is bounded below. The article under review studies the eigenvalues of the Laplace-Beltrami operator \(\Delta\) associated to an \(m\)-dimensional closed Riemannian manifold \((M,g)\), under the assumptions \[ \operatorname{Ric}+\operatorname{Hess}(f) \geq -Kg \] and \[\qquad \quad|\nabla f| \leq L, \] for some non-negative real numbers \(K,L\). The authors establish that \begin{itemize} \item \(\lambda_1\geq c D^{-2}\), \item \(\lambda_k\geq c_1k^{\frac2m}D^{-2}\) for all \(k\geq 2\) provided \(m\geq3\), \item \(\lambda_k\geq c_2k^{\frac12}D^{-2}\) for all \(k\geq 2\) provided \(m=2\), \end{itemize} where \(c_0,c_1,c_2\) are constants depending on \(m\), \(K\), \(L\), and \(D\) is an upper bound of the diameter of \((M,g)\).