Initial degree of symbolic powers of ideals of Fermat configurations of points (Q6134919)

The author considers the Fermat ideals, ie. the ideals of points given as the zero set of the polynomial \(I_n=(x(y^n-z^n),y(z^n-x^n),z(x^n-y^n)) \subset\mathbb{C}[x,y,z]\), with \(n\geq 2\). The problem of finding the initial degree of symbolic powers \(I_n^{(m)}\), ie. \(\alpha(I_n^{(m)})\), was considered (for some \(m\) and \(n\)) for example in [\textit{U. Nagel} and \textit{A. Seceleanu}, J. Algebra 468, 80--102 (2016; Zbl 1439.13017)] and [\textit{G. Malara} et al., J. Number Theory 189, 211--219 (2018; Zbl 1391.14015)]. The author works on all the remaining cases and proves that for \(n\ge 2\), \(\alpha(I_n^{(2)})=\alpha(I_n^{2})=2(n+1)\), \(\alpha(I_2^{(2k)})=5k\) for all \(k\ge 2\), \(\alpha(I_2^{(2k+1)})=5k+3\) for all \(k\ge 0\), \(\alpha(I_3^{(3k+1)})=9k+4\) for all \(k\ge 1\), \(\alpha(I_4^{(m)})=4m\) for all \(m\ge 3\) and \(m\not= 5\), \(\alpha(I_4^{(5)})=21\), and finally for \(n \ge 5\), \(\alpha(I_n^{(m)})=mn\) for all \(m\ge 3\). Then the author considers the containment problem, ie. the problem to determine, for a homogeneous ideal \(I\in \mathbb{C}[x_0,\dots,x_N]\) the set of pairs \((m,r)\) for which \(I^{(m)}\subseteq I^r\). The resurgence \(\rho(I)\) was introduced in [\textit{C. Bocci} and \textit{B. Harbourne}, J. Algebr. Geom. 19, No. 3, 399--417 (2010; Zbl 1198.14001)] as the lest real number \(\rho(I)\), such that \( m > r\rho(I)\) implies \(I^{(m)} \subset I^r\), its asymptotic version [\textit{E. Guardo} et al., Adv. Math. 246, 114--127 (2013; Zbl 1296.13017)], \(\widehat{\rho}(I)\) is the supremum of \(\frac{s}{t}\) such that \(I^{(sr)}\not\subset I^{tr}\) for all \(r\) big enough. The Waldschmidt constant of \(I\) is defined as \(\widehat{\alpha}(I)=\inf_m\{\frac{\alpha(I^{(m)})}{m}\}\). From [\textit{M. Dumnicki} et al., J. Algebra 443, 383--394 (2015; Zbl 1329.13035)], it is known that for \(n\ge 3\), \(\rho(I_n)=\frac{3}{2}\), \(\widehat{\rho}(I_n)=\frac{n+1}{n}\) and \(\widehat{\alpha}(I_n)=n\). The author completes the picture for \(n=2\) proving that \(\widehat{\alpha}(I_2) = \frac{5}{2}\), \(\rho(I_2)=\widehat{\rho}(I_2)=\frac{6}{5}\). In [\textit{B. Harbourne} and \textit{C. Huneke}, J. Ramanujan Math. Soc. 28A, 247--266 (2013; Zbl 1296.13018)] it was conjectured that the ideal \(I\) of a set of points in \(\mathbb{P}^N\) the conntainments hold: \(I^{(Nm)} \subseteq \mathfrak{m}^{m(N-1)}I^m\) and \(I^{(Nm-N+1)} \subseteq \mathfrak{m}^{(m-1)(N-1)}I^m,\) for all \(m \geq 1\). The author proves here that for every \(n\ge 2\), Fermat ideals satisfy the following containments: \(I_n^{(2r)} \subseteq m^rI_n^r, \quad \forall r\ge 1,\) \(I_n^{(2r-1)} \subseteq m^{r-1}I_n^r\) \(\forall r\ge 3\) if \(n\ge 3\) and \(\forall r \ge 1\) if \(n=2\), \(I_n^{(2r-2)} \subseteq m^{r}I_n^r, \quad \forall r\ge 5\).