A note on varieties of weak CM-type (Q6146396)

Let \(X\) be a complex projective smooth variety of complex dimension \(n\). \(X\) is said to be of strong CM-type if the polarized rational Hodge structure on \(H^m(X;{\mathbb{Q}})\) is of CM-type for all \(m=0,1,\dots, 2n\). \(X\) is said to be of CM-type if the polarized rational Hodge structure on the primitive subspace \(H^m_{prim}(X:{\mathbb{Q}})\) is of CM-type. Now let \(X\) has the trivial canonical bundle. In this case, \(X\) is said to be of weak CM-type if the rational Hodge structure on the level \(n\)-subspace is of CM-type. Here the level \(n\)-subspace \([H^n(X;{\mathbb{Q}})]_{\ell=n}\) is the minimum Hodge structure in \(H^n(X;{\mathbb{Q}})\) such that \([H^n(X;{\mathbb{Q}})]_{\ell=n}\otimes{\mathbb{C}}\) contains a generator of the one-dimensional \(H^n(X;{\mathbb{C}})\). When \(X\) has the trivial canonical bundle, it is known that a strong CM-type (or CM-type) implies a weak CM-type. The paper under review addresses the converse implication (motivated by string theory). The results are formulated for abelian varieties, \(K3\) surfaces, and smooth varieties of trivial canonical bundles. Theorem 1. Let \(A\) be an abelian variety of dimension \(n\). Suppose that \(A\) is of weak CM-type. Then it is also of strong CM-type, at least if the level \(n\)-subspace is of dimension \(2n^{\prime}=2\) or \(4\). Theorem 2. Let \(A\) be as in Theorem 1. Then \(A\) is isogenous to the product of copies of an identical CM elliptic curve \(E\) when \(n^{\prime}=1\). When \(n^{\prime}=1\), \(A\) is isogenous to either one of the followings: \begin{itemize} \item[(a)] \((E_1)^r\times (E_2)^{n-r}\) where \(E_1\) and \(E_2\) are CM elliptic curves that are not mutually isogenous, and \(0<r<n\). \item[(b)] \(S^r\) where \(S\) is a simple CM-type abelian surface and \(n=2r\). \end{itemize} Theorem 3. Let \(X=S\times E\) where \(S\) is a \(K3\) surface and \(E\) an elliptic curve. If \(X\) is of weak CM-type, then \(X\) is also of strong CM-type. Theorem 4. Let \(X_1\) and \(X_2\) be projective smooth varieties with trivial canonical bundles. When \(X_1\times X_2\) is of weak CM-type, then both \(X_1\) and \(X_2\) are also of weak CM-type. Proofs involve only elementary linear algebra and Galois theory.