Varieties of group graded algebras with graded involution of almost polynomial growth (Q6164895)

Let \(G\) be a group and \(A\) be an algebra over a field \(F\). We say \(A\) is \(G\)-graded if \(A=\oplus_{g\in G}A^g\), where \(A^g\subseteq A\) is a vector subspace of \(A\), and \(A^gA^h\subseteq A^{gh}\) for any \(g,h\in G\). If we endow \(A\) with an involution \(*\), we say \(A\) is a \((G,*)\)-algebra if \(A\) is \(G\)-graded and \(*(A^g)\subseteq A^g\) for any \(g\in G\). Using the language of algebras with polynomial identities, given a variety of algebras \(\mathcal{V}\), we define the sequence of codimensions of \(A\) by \(\{c_n(A):=\dim_F(P_n/(P_n\cap Id(A)))\}_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\), where \(P_n\) is the vector space of multilinear polynomials of degree \(n\) and \(Id(A)\) is the ideal of polynomial identities of \(A\). We say \(\mathcal{V}\) has polynomial growth if there exist constants \(\lambda,t\) such that \(c_n(\mathcal{V})\leq \lambda n^t\), for all \(n\geq 1\); we say \(\mathcal{V}\) has exponential growth if there exist an integer \(\alpha\) such that \(c_n(\mathcal{V})\geq \alpha^n\), for all \(n\geq 1\); otherwise we say \(\mathcal{V}\) has almost polynomial growth if \(\mathcal{V}\) has exponential growth but any of its proper subvariety. Similar definitions can be used to define growth of varieties of \((G,*)\)-algebras. In the paper under review the authors do classify varieties of \((G,*)\)-algebras of almost polynomial growth in the case \(A\) is finite dimensional and \(G\) is a finite abelian group. The authors achieve to classify finite dimensional simple \((C_p,*)\)-algebras over algebraically closed fields of characteristic zero with \(p\) being an odd prime, too; here \(C_p\) stands for the cyclic group of order \(p\).