Ulrich bundles on some threefold scrolls over \(\mathbb{F}_e\) (Q6182788)

Let \(X\subset \mathbb{P}^N\) a smooth polarized variety embedded via a very ample divisor \(H\). Ulrich bundles over \((X,H)\) are the vector bundles admitting a linear resolution over \(\mathbb{P}^N\) of length \(\textrm{codim}(X)\). These bundles carry many interesting properties and reflect several geometrical aspects of the underlying variety. Ulrich bundles conjecturally exist on any \((X,H)\) even though their existence has been proved just for particular classes of varieties. Apart from their existence, some challenging questions regarding Ulrich bundles are about their smallest possible rank (the so called \emph{Ulrich complexity}) and the description of their moduli spaces. In this paper the authors deal with the previous questions when \(X\) is a threefold embedded as a \(3\)-fold scroll \(X_e\) over a Hirzebruch surface \(\mathbb{F}_e\). The interest in these varieties is motivated by different works regarding the study of Ulrich bundles on ruled surfaces [\textit{M. Aprodu} et al., J. Pure Appl. Algebra 222, No. 1, 131--138 (2018; Zbl 1471.14087); \textit{V. Antonelli}, Rev. Mat. Complut. 34, No. 1, 43--74 (2021; Zbl 1468.14077); \textit{G. Casnati}, Int. J. Math. 28, No. 8, Article ID 1750061, 18 p. (2017; Zbl 1435.14042)] and low degree scrolls [\textit{M. L. Fania} et al., Int. Math. Res. Not. 2021, No. 17, 13478--13507 (2021; Zbl 1490.14068)]. In the main result, which is a collection of Theorems 2.1, 3.1, 3.4, 4.9, 4.14 and 4.19, the authors obtain the following. \begin{itemize} \item They characterize the scrolls \(X_e\) admitting an Ulrich line bundle. \item They prove the existence, for any \(r \geq 2\), of a rank \(r\) stable Ulrich bundle with fixed Chern classes. \end{itemize} This result settles the existence of Ulrich bundles supported on \(X_e\) and allows the authors to compute the Ulrich complexity of such threefold scrolls. As a byproduct of the main result, the authors obtain the non-emptiness of the moduli space \(\mathfrak{U}_r\) of stable Ulrich bundles with fixed Chern classes, and a constructive proof of the existence of arbitrary large families of pairwise non isomorphic Ulrich bundles (\textit{geometrical Ulrich wildness}).