On the corank of the fine Selmer group of an elliptic curve over a \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-extension (Q6185619)

Fix an odd prime \(p\in \mathbb{Z}\) and let \(F_\infty/F\) be a \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-extension of a number field \(F\) with layers \(F_n\) and associated Iwasawa algebra \(\Lambda\). Let \(E_{/F}\) be an elliptic curve with good reduction at all primes of \(F\) dividing \(p\). Fix \(S\) as the set of primes of \(F\) which divide \(p\) or are of bad reduction for \(E\), and let \(F_S/F\) be the maximal abelian pro-\(p\)-extension of \(F\) unramified outside \(S\). The \textit{fine Selmer group} of \(E\) over \(F_n\) is defined as \[ R(E/F_n):=\text{Ker} \left\{ H^1(\text{Gal}(F_S/F_n),E[p^\infty]) \longrightarrow \bigoplus_{v\in S} \prod_{w\mid v} H^1(\text{Gal}(\overline{F_{n,w}}/F_{n,w}),E[p^\infty]) \right\} , \] where \(F_{n,w}\) is the completion of \(F_n\) at \(w\). The fine Selmer group for \(E\) over \(F_\infty\) is the direct limit of the \(R(E/F_n)\), and the paper deals with the \(\Lambda\)-module structure of its Pontrjagin dual \(R(E/F_\infty)^\vee\). In particular, the author is interested in bounding the \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-rank of \(R(E/F_\infty)^\vee\) (i.e., its \(\lambda\)-invariant) and thus, at first, provides conditions under which such \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-rank is finite (i.e., \(R(E/F_\infty)^\vee\) is \(\Lambda\)-torsion with trivial \(\mu\)-invariant). Since a \(\Lambda\)-torsion module \(M\) has finite \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-rank if and only if \(M/pM\) is finite, the author controls elements of order \(p\) via the \textit{residual} fine Selmer group \(R(E[p]/F_\infty)\) (same definition of \(R(E/F_\infty)\) with \(E[p]\) replacing \(E[p^\infty]\)) and the map \[ R(E[p]/F_\infty)\longrightarrow R(E/F_\infty)[p] \] arising from the Kummer cohomology sequence \(\displaystyle{E[p] \hookrightarrow E[p^\infty] \stackrel{p}{\twoheadrightarrow} E[p^\infty]}\). The \(\mathbb{Z}/(p)\mathbb{Z}\)-dimension of \(R(E[p]/F_\infty)\) is then bounded by the corresponding dimension of the Galois group \(Y\) of some \(p\)-elementary extension of \(K_\infty:=F_\infty(E[p])\) via a cohomology sequence \[ \mathcal{Z} \stackrel{\text{Inf}}{\hookrightarrow}R(E[p]/F_\infty) \rightarrow \text{Hom}(Y,\mathbb{Z}/(p)\mathbb{Z})^2 \,. \] Assuming all the quantities involved in the equation are finite, the author shows that \[ \lambda(R(E/F_\infty)^\vee) \leqslant 2\dim_{\mathbb{Z}/(p)\mathbb{Z}} Y + \dim_{\mathbb{Z}/(p)\mathbb{Z}} \mathcal{Z} + \sum_{v\in S_0} 2|\{w\,:\,w\mid v\}| + \sum_{v\mid p} \delta_v |\{w\,:\, w\mid v\}| , \] where the \(w\) are primes of \(F_\infty\), \(S_0=\{v\in S\,:\, E \text{ had bad reduction at }v \text{ and, if }\mu_p\subset F_v \text{ for some }p\geqslant 5,\text{ then the reduction is split multiplicative}\}\), and \[ \delta_v:=\left\{\begin{array}{ll} 2 & \text{ if } E(F_v)[p]\neq 0 \\ 0 & \text{ otherwise}. \end{array}\right. \,. \] Finally, the paper presents conditions (and an explicit example verifying them) for \(Y\) and \(\mathcal{Z}\) to be 0.