Transmutation operators method for Sturm-Liouville equations in impedance form. II: Inverse problem (Q6188030)

The paper deals with the Sturm-Liouville equation in the impedance form \[ \frac{d}{dx}\left( a^2(x) \frac{d u(x)}{dx}\right) +\lambda a^2(x) u(x) = 0, \quad 0 < x < \pi, \] with the Neumann boundary conditions \[ u'(0) = u'(\pi)= 0. \] The impedance function \(a(x)\) is assumed to be non-vanishing in \([0,\pi]\) and belonging to the class \(W^{2,p}(0,\pi)\), \(1 \le p \le \infty\). The authors develop a constructive method for solving the inverse spectral problem that consists in the recovery of \(a(x)\) from the eigenvalues and the norming constants. Using the transmutation operators and their Fourier-Legendre series representations that have been constructed in the previous paper [\textit{V. V. Kravchenko} and \textit{V. A. Vicente-Benítez}, J. Math. Sci. 266, 103--132 (2022; Zbl 07798354)], the authors derive the Gelfand-Levitan equation and obtain an infinite linear system for unknown coefficients. Next, the stability of the method is investigated, a numerical algorithm for reconstruction is developed, and its performance is illustrated by numerical examples.