Hausdorff dimension for sets of continued fractions of formal Laurent series (Q6191066)

In this paper, a comprehensive Hausdorff dimension analysis of a set that serves as a subset of many sets of interest is presented. Thus the Hausdorff dimension of this subset serves as the lower bound which turns out to be the exact optimal Hausdorff dimension of these sets. Let \(\mathbb F_q\) be a finite field with \(q\) elements and \(\mathbb F_q((z^{-1}))\) denotes the field of all formal Laurent series \(x=\sum_{n=v}^\infty c_n z^{-n}\) with coefficients \(c_n\in\mathbb F_q\). Let \(I\) be the valuation ideal of \(\mathbb F_q((z^{-1}))\). Then each \(x\in I\) has a finite or infinite continued fraction expansion \(x:=[A_1(x),A_2(x),\dots]\), induced by Gauss transformation \(T:I\to I\) defined by \(T(x):=1/x-[1/x]\), \(T(0):=0\), and the partial quotients \(A_i(x)\) are polynomials of strictly positive degree defined by \(A_i(x)=[1/T^{i-1}(x)\), \(i\ge 1\). For a fixed integer \(m\) and all integers \(0\le i\le m-1\), let \(\alpha_i>0\) be a real number. Define the set \(F_m(\alpha_0,\dots,\alpha_{m-1}):=\{x\in I:\deg A_{n+i}=\left\lfloor n\alpha_{i}\right\rfloor+c_i,\, 0\le i\le m-1\,\hbox{for infinitely many}|\, n\in\mathbb N\}\), where \(c_i\in\mathbb N\) are fixed, and the partial quotients \(A_i(x)\) are polynomials of strictly positive degree. For any \(0\le i\le m-1\), define the quantities \(\beta_{-1}=0\), \(\beta_i=\alpha_0+\cdots+\alpha_i\). Define by \(f_i\) a unique solution of the equation \[ \sum_{k=1}^\infty\frac{(q-1)q^k}{q^{2 k s}}=\frac{q^{\beta_i s}}{q^{\beta_{i-1}(1-s)}}. \] The main result of this paper is states as \[ \dim_{\mathcal H}F_m=\lim_{0\le i\le m-1}f_i. \] There are several applications of this result. One consequence is the lower bound of the Hausdorff dimension of the formal power series analogues of the sets. Another consequence is their upper bounds to provide the comprehensive Hausdorff dimension analysis of these sets.