On the sharp Gevrey regularity for a generalization of the Métivier operator (Q6191278)

In this article, the author is interested in the Gevrey regularity of the generalized Métivier operator \[ M_{n,m}=D_x^2+(x^{2n+1}D_y)^2+(x^ny^mD_y)^2 \] in an open neighborhood of the origin \((0,0)\in\mathbb R^2\), where \(n\) and \(m\) are two positive integers. In particular, he proves hat \(M_{n,m}\) is \(G^{\frac{2m}{2m-1}}\)-hypoelliptic and not better in any neighborhood of the origin of \(\mathbb R^2\). To do that, he first considers a formal solution of the problem \(M_{n,m}u=0\), then he turns it into a true solution by means of a family of smooth cutoff functions, in order that it lives in the expected function space.