\(q\)-supercongruences from Jackson's \({}_8 \phi_7\) summation and Watson's \({}_8 \phi_7\) transformation (Q6201498)

Letting \([n]=\left(1-q^{n}\right) /(1-q)\) be the \(q\)-integer, \((a;q)_{n}\) the \(q\)-shifted factorial, and \(\Phi_{n}(q)\) the \(n\)-th cyclotomic polynomial, the paper proves the following supercongruence modulo \([n] \Phi_{n}(q)^{4}\), \[ \begin{aligned} \sum_{k=0}^{M}[6 k+1] \frac{\left(q ; q^{3}\right)_{k}^{6}}{\left(q^{3} ; q^{3}\right)_{k}^{6}} q^{3 k} \equiv & {[n] \frac{\left(q^{2} ; q^{3}\right)_{(n-1) / 3}^{3}}{\left(q^{3} ; q^{3}\right)_{(n-1) / 3}^{3}} } \\ & \times\left\{1+[n]^{2}\left(2-q^{n}\right) \sum_{j=1}^{(n-1) / 3}\left(\frac{q^{3 j-1}}{[3 j-1]^{2}}-\frac{q^{3 j}}{[3 j]^{2}}\right)\right\}, \end{aligned} \] where \(n\) is a positive integer such that \(n \equiv 1 \pmod 3\), and \(M=(n-1) / 3\) or \(n-1\). Analogously, the author establishes modulo \([n] \Phi_{n}(q)^{5}\) that \[ \sum_{k=0}^{M}[6 k+1] \frac{\left(q ; q^{3}\right)_{k}^{6}}{\left(q^{3} ; q^{3}\right)_{k}^{6}} q^{3 k} \equiv 5[2 n] \frac{\left(q^{2} ; q^{3}\right)_{(2 n-1) / 3}^{3}}{\left(q^{3} ; q^{3}\right)_{(2 n-1) / 3}^{3}} \] where \(n\) is a positive integer such that \(n \equiv 2 \pmod 3\), and \(M=(2 n-1) / 3\) or \(n-1\). Such results, related to the (D.2) supercongruence from \textit {L. van Hamme} [Lect. Notes Pure Appl. Math. 192, 223--236 (1997; Zbl 0895.11051)], are further generalized into two \(q\)-supercongruences involving double series. Beyond the Jackson's \({}_8\phi _7\) summation and the Watson's \({}_8\phi _7\) transformation illustrated in Vol. No. 96 of the \textit {Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications} [Basic hypergeometric series. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2004; Zbl 1129.33005)], the proofs employ two lemmas from \textit {H.-X. Ni} and \textit {L.-Y. Wang} [Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat. Ser. A Mat., RACSAM 116, No. 1, Paper 30 (2022; Zbl 1480.11003)], the Chinese remainder theorem for coprime polynomials, the L'Hôpital rule, and the ``creative microscoping'' method introduced by \textit {V. J. W. Guo} and \textit {W. Zudilin} [Adv. Math. 346, 329--358 (2019; Zbl 1464.11028)].