Entire extensions and exponential decay for semilinear elliptic equations (Q628357)

The authors consider semilinear partial differential equations in \(\mathbb R^n\) of the form \[ \sum_{\frac{|a|}{m} + \frac{|\beta|}{k} \leq 1} c_{\alpha\beta} x^\beta D^\alpha_x u = F(u), \] where \(k\) and \(m\) are given positive integers. Relevant examples are semilinear Schrödinger equations \[ -\Delta u + V(x) u = F(u), \] where the potential \(V(x)\) is given by an elliptic polynomial. The authors propose techniques, based on anisotropic generalizations of the global ellipticity condition of M. Shubin and multiparameter Picard type schemes in spaces of entire functions, which lead to new results for entire extensions and asymptotic behaviour of the solutions. Namely, they study solutions (eigenfunctions and homoclinics) in the framework of the Gel'fand-Shilov spaces \(S_\nu^\mu(\mathbb R^n)\). Critical thresholds are identified for the indices \(\mu\) and \(\nu,\) corresponding to analytic regularity and asymptotic decay, respectively. In the one-dimensional case \(-u'' + V(x)u = F(u)\), given results for linear equations link up with those given by the classical asymptotic theory and by the theory of ODE in the complex domain, whereas for homoclinics, new phenomena concerning analytic extensions are described.