Estimates for the number of limit cycles of the planar polynomial differential systems with homogeneous nonlinearities (Q6584906)

The paper is concerned with a class of polynomial differential systems with homogeneous nonlinearities\N\begin{align*}\N\frac{dx}{dt}&= ax+by+P(x,y),\\\N\frac{dy}{dt}&=cx+dy+Q(x,y),\N\end{align*}\Nwhere \(a,b,c,d\) are reals and \(P, Q\) are homogeneous polynomials of degree \(n>1,\) and having a focus, a node, a saddle or a nilpotent singularity at the origin.\N\NThe subject is the dermination of the maximum number of limit cycles. Depending on the types of the singularity and the parity of \(n,\) the authors provide new estimates for the maximum number of limit cycles of a such systems. Their proofs are based on the Melnikov functions and Chebyshev property of several integrals. By analyzing the second-order perturbations, they improve previous results that used the first-order perturbations.