\(\ell^1\)-bounded sets (Q6597303)

This paper introduces and studies the concepts of \(\ell^1\) bounded sets and \(\ell^1\) frame bounded sets in a separable Hilbert space \(H\). These studies may lead to new, interesting aspects of frame theory. A subset \(M\) of \(H\) is \(\ell^1\) frame bounded if there is a frame \(\{e_n\}\) in \(H\) such that \(\sup_{x\in M}\sum_n |\langle x,e_n\rangle|<\infty.\) If the frame is actually a Riesz basis, \(M\) is simply called an \(\ell^1\) bounded set. While \(\ell^1\) bounded sets are always bounded, the unit sphere in an infinite dimensional space is not \(\ell^1\) bounded. It is not known whether the union (or, equivalently, the sum) of finitely many \(\ell^1\) bounded sets is again \(\ell^1\) bounded. The authors conjecture that this is not the case. They base the conjecture on the fact that they are able, on the contrary case, to draw several unexpected conclusions (Theorem 4.12), e.g. every Bessel sequence is \(\ell^1\) bounded and so is every \(\ell^1\) frame bounded set. It is also shown that \(\ell^1\) boundedness in a larger Hilbert space \(K\) implies \(\ell^1\) boundedness in \(H\) if it has finite codimension in \(K\). The first part of the paper discusses, for frames \(\mathcal E\), the subspaces \(H_{\mathcal E}:=\{x: \sup_{x\in \mathcal E}\sum_n |\langle x,e_n\rangle|<\infty\}.\) It is proved that \(H_{\mathcal E}\) is dense when \(\mathcal E\) is a Riesz basis, while it can be \((0)\) for a frame \(\mathcal E\). The class of \(H_{\mathcal E}\), \(\mathcal E\) is a Riesz basis, and does not have a smallest element nor a largest element. Related to the conjecture mentioned earlier, the following conjecture is also proposed: The collection of \(H_{\mathcal E}\) is not closed under finite unions or finite sums. The last section considers \(p\)-convergent frames and it is shown that there is no absolutely convergent frame while \(p\)-convergent frames exist for \(1<p<2\).