On the invariant and anti-invariant cohomologies of hypercomplex manifolds (Q6869446)

Let \(M\) be a compact hypercomplex manifold, equipped with a triple of complex structures \((I,J,K)\) satisfying the quaternionic relations. Fixing one complex structure, say \(I\), the action of the remaining complex structures induces additional symmetries on differential forms and their cohomology classes. In particular, the involution induced by \(J\) on differential forms of type \((p,q)\) with respect to \(I\) gives rise to a possible decomposition of cohomology into invariant and anti-invariant parts. Motivated by this observation, the authors introduce the \(J\)-invariant and \(J\)-anti-invariant cohomology groups, defined as the subspaces of de Rham cohomology consisting of classes admitting representatives that are respectively invariant or anti-invariant under the action induced by \(J\). The paper investigates the basic properties of these invariant and anti-invariant cohomologies. In particular, the authors study how these groups interact with Hodge-type decompositions associated with hypercomplex metrics, under suitable \(\partial\bar\partial\)-lemma type assumptions. Explicit examples in real dimension eight are provided to illustrate how the dimensions of these cohomology groups are related to the existence of certain special classes of metrics.