Isothermic tori with one family of planar curvature lines and area constrained hyperbolic elastica (Q6881052)

Isothermic surfaces are prominent in differential geometry. They form an integrable system, and generalize constant mean curvature surfaces, minimal surfaces, quadrics, and surfaces of revolution. Moreover, they are natural objects in conformal geometry, have discrete analogs and generalizations to higher dimensions. Constant mean curvature tori are countable and classified by their underlying integrable structure into an integer hierarchy of ``finite type \(g\)'' corresponding to the finite genus of its spectral curve. The simplest examples \(g=2\) are Wente tori, which have one family of planar curvature lines. As generalizations of constant mean curvature surfaces, it is natural to investigate isothermic tori. In this paper the authors take a first step towards the classification of isothermic tori. As key results, they describe all isothermic tori with one family of planar curvature lines, give their explicit immersion formulas in terms of theta functions, and prove that the moduli space depends on a functional freedom, so there are uncountably many distinct examples.